可数名词 countable noun
数得过来的事物, 才是名词, apple, pencil, student
名词变复数有一定规则
一般直接在末尾加上s, apple - apples
以s, x, z, ch, sh结尾的单词, 在末尾加上es
bus - buses, tomato - tomatoes
以 辅音字母 + y 结尾的词, 变y为i, 在末尾加上es
candy - candies
以o结尾的名词, 如果不是外来词或缩写词, 在末尾加上es
tomato - tomatoes, hippo - hippos
不可数名词 uncountable noun
无法计算的数量或抽象的概念
salt, coffee, water, history, love
可数名词首字母元音时, 加an, 首字母辅音时, 加a, an, 或者加量词 (one, two, three)
an apple, a box of apples, a tomato, a bag of tomatoes
不可数名词, 只能加量词
a cup of coffee
不定量的表达法
some, any, all, most, every
some, any 都表示一些
some用在肯定名中, 或者用在疑问句中想要等到肯定的回答
any用在否定句和疑问句中
I have been expecting some letters the whole morning, but there weren’t any for me.
most 表示大多数, 后面接复数
Most people here are from China.
every 表示每一个, 所有
Every one likes the film.
all 表示所有, 后面接可数名词的复数, 或者不可数名词
All the coffee is served on time.
All the children like to play football.
both 两者都, either 两者之一, neither 两者都不
可作形容词, 代词, 副词
Both his eyes were serverely burned.
There are trees on either side of the street.
Neither answer is correct.
many 表示许多, 修饰可数名词
many books, a lot of books
much 表示许多, 修饰不可数名词
much water, plenty of water
a lot of (lots of ), plenty of 可以修饰可数和不可数名词
a few 肯定的含义, 表示几个, 接可数名词复数
A few books are put into the box.
few 否定的含义, 表示没几个, 接可数名词复数
Few books are put into the box.
a little, 肯定的含义, 表示一点, 接不可数名词
There is a little water in the bottle.
little, 否定的含义, 表示没多点, 接不可数名词
There is little water in the bottle.
none, no one, 一个也不, 一点也不
none 可以接of短语, 动词可以用单数, 也可用复数
None of us has/have arrived.
no one 不可以接of短语, 动词只能用单数
No one knows the answer.