There be / Here be
可以翻译成 “有, 是”, be动词有单复数的变化
There be 句型
There is a book on the bookshelf.
There are some books on the bookshelf.
Here be 句型
Here is the bus stop.
Here are your books.
一般现在时
表示通常性, 规律性, 习惯性的状态或动作. 主语是单三时, 动词要有单三的变化. 主语为非单三时, 使用动词原形
They often get up at 7:00.
He often gets up at 7:00.
动词的单三变化规则
- 在动词末尾直接加s. play - plays
- 以o, s, x, ch结尾的动词, 加es. guess - guesses
- 以 辅音字母 + y结尾 的动词, 变y为i加es. study - studies.
一般现在时的否定和疑问句用do, does帮助构成
He doesn’t like the car.
Does he like the car?
Yes, he does.
No, he doesn’t.
现在进行时
正在进行或发生的动作. 一般有now等时间副词. 句式为 be + doing
I am watching TV.
He is watching TV.
They are watching TV.
动词的现在分词变化规则
- 在动词末尾直接加ing. work - working
- 以不发音的e结尾的动词, 去e加ing. take - taking
- 重读闭音节的动词, 双写末尾字母加ing. cut - cutting
- 以ie结尾的动词, 变ie为y加ing. lie - lying
现在进行时变否定句或疑问句, 将be动词否定或提前
They aren’t watching TV.
Are they watching TV.
一般过去时
过去某个时间里发生的状态或动作. 过去经常性, 习惯性的行为
动词的过去式变化规则
- 一般在动词后面加ed. play - played
- 以字母e结尾的动词, 直接加d. like - liked
- 以 辅音字母 + y结尾 的动词, 变y为i加ed. supply - supplied
- 以重读闭章节结尾, 且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词, 双写末尾字母, 再加ed. plan - planned
He worked very hard last night.
They came here by car.
过去进行时
过去某一时刻或某一段时间进行或发生的动作, was / were + doing
He was talking with his friends just now.
They were waiting for you.
一般将来时
表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态, 或将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或状态, 常和表示将来的时间状语连用
tomorrow, next week, in the future
will/shall + 动词原形
They will go to Shanghai by ship tomorrow.
We shall leave for Shanghai next month.
be going to + 动词原形
近期事先考虑过的将要发生的事情, 打算, 就要
They are going to play football this afternoon.
He is going to learn English next year.
be doing 表示位置转移的动词
go, come, leave, start, arrive
They are leaving for Japan.
She is arriving tomorrow.
现在完成时
过去发生, 已经完成, 对现在造成影响或后果, 动作可能还会持续. has/have + 动词的过去分词
时间状语: already, yet
They have already arrived in Shanghai.
She has played soccer for 3 hours.
She hasn’t finished the homework yet.
过去完成时
had + 动词的过去分词, 动作发生在过去的过去, 已经完成, 对过去造成了一定的影响或后果
They had arrived in Shanghai.
She had played soccer for 3 hours.
She hadn’t finished the homework yet.